What is the Difference Between Similar But Different Things, Terms, and Objects

What is the Difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

The structure of living cell is different for different living beings. Cells are divided into many categories according to their functionality, their presence and their working. There are two categories of cells, called Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. They have different structure and functionality in all respect, which is as under.

Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane. The nucleus has the role to seize the DNA-related functions of the eukaryotic cell into a smaller chamber for increasing efficiency. The DNA in eukaryotic cells is linear and complex with proteins called “histones” which are arranged in chromosomes. It has larger and complex ribosome, which are made up of special class of RNAs. These cells have complex and organized contents with complex and special functionality.

Prokaryotic Cells

These cells have no nucleus. They are of smaller size with less functionality. They also have a DNA which is circular in structure. These cells also contain ribosome, which are made of RNA comprising three kinds and about fifty proteins.  These cells have a plasma membrane in addition to a bacterial cell wall.  They are about 10 times smaller in size than the eukaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells 

The clear difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells is that, Eukaryotic cells are the most primitive than Prokaryotic cells, which are more complex organisms. Moreover, Eukaryotic cells do not have a pre-defined nucleus and Chromosomes are dispersed in the cytoplasm. On the other hand, Prokaryotic Cells contain true nuclei in which chromosomes are compacted as chromatin. Similarly, Eukaryotic cells contain no membrane-bound organelles in contrast to Prokaryotic cells, which contain membrane-bound organelles. Another key difference between these two is that Eukaryotic cells have circular chromosomes and lack “histone” proteins as compared to Prokaryotic cells, which have linear DNA and more “histone” proteins.




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