What is the Difference between Nucleophile, Alkaline, Salt, Acid and Base
Science is a vast field and to understand it in a better way scientists have divided it into many branches. One of them is chemistry which deals with the composition and nature of elements. Elements are divided into different categories according to their nature. Some of these categories are Acid, Base ,salts etc.
Acid
Acid word is derived from a Latin word “acidus” meaning sour as most of the acids have sour taste. Acid is defined as a substance that reacts with a base to produce salt. Acid turns blue litmus paper. Lower the pH, higher will be the concentration of an acid. For Example, HCl, HOCl etc.
Base
A base is a substance that donates an electron pair or accepts a proton. A base is simply defined as an opposite to acid. Bases react with acid to produce salts and this reaction is called neutralization. Bases turn red litmus blue and have always a higher pH value. Examples are phenolphthalein, NaCl etc.
Salt
Acid reacts with base to produce salts. It is neutral in nature and has no effect on litmus paper. It is essential for survival of animals. Example is NaCl (sodium chloride)
Nucleophile
In a chemical reaction an ion or molecule which donates a pair to form a bond is called nucleophile. They are also known as Lewis bases. Examples are water and hydroxide ion.
Alkaline
if a base contain and release hydroxide ions it is called an alkali and that metal is called alkaline. It has pH greater than 7 and has less concentration of hydrogen ions. Examples are magnesium and calcium
Acid vs Base vs Salt vs Nucleophile vs Alkaline
Acid and base are opposite to each other in terms of PH. All acids have PH less than 7 in contrast to bases that have more than 7. While, salt is a product of acid and base. A base which gives hydroxide ion is called alkaline while a base which donates pair of electron is called a nucleophile.
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